Impela uzwile nge umsebenzi womhloli futhi mhlawumbe uke wazibuza ukuthi ngempela ihlanganisani, ungazilungiselela kanjani ukuphishekela lo msebenzi España nokuthi kuyini ukubaluleka kwawo emhlabeni womsebenzi. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza ngokujulile ukuthi yini isimo sendawo, ihlanganisa yiphi imikhakha yokufunda kanye namathuba ochwepheshe eliwanikezayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizofaka ulwazi mayelana namanyuvesi nezikhungo ezifundisa izifundo zekhompyutha. Ubunjiniyela ku-Geomatics kanye neTopography eSpain, kanye nemininingwane ethile mayelana nobude besikhathi nezici zayo.
Iyini i-topography?
La isimo sendawo Kuyisayensi eyisisekelo enomthwalo wemfanelo wokufunda ukumelwa okuyingcaca kobuso boMhlaba, ezindaweni ezincane nasezindaweni ezinkulu. Igama laso lisuselwa kumagama esiGreki athi "topo" (indawo) kanye nelithi "grafos" (ukumela), okubonisa umgomo wawo oyinhloko: ukwakha ngokusobala ukumelela okuningiliziwe kwendawo.
Lokhu kuvezwa kufinyelelwa ngezibalo zezibalo, izilinganiso ezinembile kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Imiphumela yale misebenzi ibonakala ku amabalazwe noma imidwebo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlola isimo sendawo. Le misebenzi ibalulekile kumaphrojekthi we Ubunjiniyela, imisebenzi yomphakathi, ukuhlela amadolobha kanye nezifundo zezemvelo.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-topography kanye ne-geodesy
Yize i- isimo sendawo futhi i geodesy Bangase babonakale befana, izinga lomsebenzi wabo lihlukile. Ngenkathi i-topography igxile ezindaweni ezincane ezinezithombe eziyisicaba, i-geodesy inobubanzi obubanzi futhi icubungula ama-curvature oMhlaba. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi ziqondiso zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kutholwe imiphumela ephelele nenembile.
Imisebenzi Yomhloli
Umsebenzi we unjiniyela wokuhlola Ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile ehlanganisa:
- Kala izixhumanisi nobukhulu bomhlaba: Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi anjengekhampasi, ama-theodolite nama-odometers, kanye nobuchwepheshe besimanje obufana no drones nezinhlelo GPS.
- Lungiselela amamephu nezinhlelo: Izethulo eziyingcaca ezinembile zomhlaba nezindawo ezithile, ezibalulekile kumaphrojekthi wokwakha nengqalasizinda.
- Ukweluleka ngemisebenzi yomphakathi namaphrojekthi: Umsebenzi wabo ubalulekile ukucacisa ukusebenza kahle komhlaba kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okwanele kwendawo.
- Sebenzisa isofthiwe ekhethekile: Sebenzisa izinhlelo ezifana ne-AutoCAD, i-ArcGIS, nezinye izinhlelo zolwazi lwendawo ukuze umelele futhi uhlaziye idatha.
Amagatsha okufunda emsebenzini we-topography
Umncintiswano Ubunjiniyela ku-Geomatics kanye neTopography E-Spain ihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi yezobuchwepheshe neyesayensi, njenge:
- IJiyomethri neMathematika: Isisekelo esibalulekile sezibalo kanye nokuvezwa kwezithombe.
- Ukwenza imephu: Ukulungiswa kwamamephu ezindawo kanye nezinhlelo ezinembile.
- I-Photogrammetry: Ukusebenzisa izithombe zasemoyeni ukulinganisa nokubeka imephu izindawo ezinkulu.
- I-Geodesy: Ukufunda Umhlaba uwonke.
- I-GIS (Izinhlelo Zolwazi Lwendawo): Ukuphathwa nokuhlaziywa kwedatha ye-geospatial.
- Isikhundla se-astronomy: Ihambisana nokuzulazula nomsebenzi wokuma onembe.
Ungafundela kuphi Ubunjiniyela beTopography eSpain?
ESpain, kunamanyuvesi ahlukahlukene anikeza iziqu Ubunjiniyela ku-Geomatics kanye neTopography, idigri yamakhredithi angama-240 I-ECTS okuhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwethiyori nokwenza. Amanye amanyuvesi abalulekile yilawa:
- I-Polytechnic University of Madrid (ETSITGC).
- I-Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV).
- Inyuvesi yaseJaén (EPS Jaén).
- Sevilla University.
- Inyuvesi yaseLas Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamanye amanyuvesi ungaqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa kwakho nge master kuGeomatics Engineering kanye neGeoinformation, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba akho omsebenzi.
Izinsimbi nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa ku-topography
El umhloli wamazwe isebenzisa amathuluzi athuthukile, anembe kakhulu akuvumela ukuthi wenze izilinganiso ezinembile. Phakathi kwalezi zinsimbi kukhona:
- Ama-Theodolites: Ukulinganisa ama-engeli avundlile naqondile.
- Amakhampasi: Amathuluzi endabuko kodwa asasebenziseka kuma-orientation athile.
- Ama-odometers: Ukulinganisa amabanga phansi.
- I-Drones: Isetshenziswa ku-photogrammetry ukwenza imephu yezindawo ezinkulu ngesikhathi esifushane.
- Amasistimu we-GPS kanye ne-GNSS: Okokumisa nokuzulazula ngesikhathi sangempela.
Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwesoftware ekhethekile njenge-AutoCAD nezinye izinhlelo I-GIS ithuthukisa ukumelwa nokuphathwa kwedatha ye-topographic.
Ukuphuma kochwepheshe komhloli
Umsebenzi wokuhlola udingeka kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi. Phakathi kwezindawo eziyinhloko zomsebenzi kukhona:
- Ukwakha: Izifundo zomhlaba wezemisebenzi yomphakathi, ingqalasizinda nokuhlela amadolobha.
- Ezezimayini nezolimo: Ukuhlela kanye nokwenza kahle komhlaba ukwenza le misebenzi.
- Umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe: Ukuphathwa kwezinhlelo zolwazi lwendawo kanye ne-cartography.
- Umkhakha womphakathi: Sebenza ezinhlanganweni ezifana nemikhandlu yamadolobha kanye nabaxhumanisi bobunjiniyela.
Umncintiswano Ubunjiniyela ku-Geomatics kanye neTopography Akugcini nje ngokukuvumela ukuthi uhlole umhlaba ngendlela yezobuchwepheshe neyokuhlaziya, kodwa futhi kuvula inhlobonhlobo yamathuba emisebenzi ngenxa yezicelo zawo emikhakheni eyisisekelo yobuchwepheshe. umnotho njengokwakha, ukuhlela amadolobha kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemvelo.